StructType() and StructField()

StructType and StructField are classes used to programmatically specify the schema to the DataFrame and create complex columns like nested struct, array, and map columns. 

StructType is a collection of StructField's 

from pyspark.sql.types import StructField,StructType,IntegerType,StringType

data =[(1,'Rakesh'),(2,'Rakesh Yadav')]
schema = StructType([\
                     StructField(name='id',dataType=IntegerType()),\
                     StructField(name='name',dataType=StringType())])
df = spark.createDataFrame(data,schema)
df.show()

Complext Nested Columns

from pyspark.sql.types import StructField,StructType,IntegerType,StringType

data =[(1,('Rakesh','Yadav')),(2,('Ramesh','Yadav'))]
nameSchema = StructType([\
                        StructField('firstName',StringType()),\
                        StructField('lastName',StringType())\
                        ])
schema = StructType([\
                     StructField(name='id',dataType=IntegerType()),\
                     StructField(name='name',dataType=nameSchema)])
df = spark.createDataFrame(data,schema)
df.show()